1 Samuel 27:12

Authorized King James Version

And Achish believed David, saying, He hath made his people Israel utterly to abhor him; therefore he shall be my servant for ever.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיַּֽאֲמֵ֥ן
believed
properly, to build up or support; to foster as a parent or nurse; figuratively to render (or be) firm or faithful, to trust or believe, to be permanen
#2
אָכִ֖ישׁ
And Achish
akish, a philistine king
#3
בְּדָוִ֣ד
David
david, the youngest son of jesse
#4
לֵאמֹ֑ר
saying
to say (used with great latitude)
#5
הִבְאִישׁ֙
to abhor
to smell bad; figuratively, to be offensive morally
#6
הִבְאִישׁ֙
to abhor
to smell bad; figuratively, to be offensive morally
#7
בְּעַמּ֣וֹ
He hath made his people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#8
בְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל
Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#9
וְהָ֥יָה
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#10
לִ֖י
H0
#11
לְעֶ֥בֶד
him therefore he shall be my servant
a servant
#12
עוֹלָֽם׃
for ever
properly, concealed, i.e., the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e., (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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